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HTTP and HTTPS

PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 6. https:// since PHP 4.3.0

http://example.com
http://example.com/file.php?var1=val1&var2=val2
http://user:password@example.com
https://example.com
https://example.com/file.php?var1=val1&var2=val2
https://user:password@example.com

Allows read-only access to files/resources via HTTP 1.0, using the HTTP GET method. A Host: header is sent with the request to handle name-based virtual hosts. If you have configured a user_agent string using your ini file or the stream context, it will also be included in the request.

Внимание

При использовании SSL, Microsoft IIS нарушает протокол, закрывая соединение без отправки индикатора close_notify. PHP сообщит об этом как о "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error" в тот момент, когда вы достигнете конца данных. Чтобы обойти это, вы должны установить error_reporting на уровень, исключающий E_WARNING. PHP версий 4.3.7 и старше умеет определять, что на стороне сервера находится проблемный IIS и не выводит предупреждение. Если вы используете fsockopen() для создания ssl:// сокета, вы сами отвечаете за определение и подавление этого предупреждения.

Redirects have been supported since PHP 4.0.5; if you are using an earlier version you will need to include trailing slashes in your URLs. If it's important to know the URL of the resource where your document came from (after all redirects have been processed), you'll need to process the series of response headers returned by the stream.


<?php
$url = 'http://www.example.com/redirecting_page.php';

$fp = fopen($url, 'r');

/* Prior to PHP 4.3.0 use $http_response_header
   instead of stream_get_meta_data() */
$meta_data = stream_get_meta_data($fp);
foreach($meta_data['wrapper_data'] as $response) {

  /* Were we redirected? */
  if (substr(strtolower($response), 0, 10) == 'location: ') {
    /* update $url with where we were redirected to */
    $url = substr($response, 18);
  }

}

?>

Пример #1 Fetch a page and send POST data


<?php

$postdata = http_build_query(
    array(
        'var1' => 'some content',
        'var2' => 'doh'
    )
);

$opts = array('http' =>
    array(
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'header'  => 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
        'content' => $postdata
    )
);

$context  = stream_context_create($opts);

$result = file_get_contents('http://example.com/submit.php', false, $context);

?>

The stream allows access to the body of the resource; the headers are stored in the $http_response_header variable. Since PHP 4.3.0, the headers are available using stream_get_meta_data().

HTTP connections are read-only; you cannot write data or copy files to an HTTP resource.

Замечание: HTTPS is supported starting from PHP 4.3.0, if you have compiled in support for OpenSSL.

**Wrapper Summary**
Attribute	Supported
Restricted by allow_url_fopen	Yes
Allows Reading	Yes
Allows Writing	No
Allows Appending	No
Allows Simultaneous Reading and Writing	N/A
Supports stat()	No
Supports unlink()	No
Supports rename()	No
Supports mkdir()	No
Supports rmdir()	No

**Context options**
Name	Usage	Default
method	`GET`, `POST`, or any other HTTP method supported by the remote server.	`GET`
header	Additional headers to be sent during request. Values in this option will override other values (such as User-agent:, Host:, and Authentication:).
user_agent	Value to send with User-Agent: header. This value will only be used if user-agent is not specified in the header context option above.	`php.ini` setting: user_agent
content	Additional data to be sent after the headers. Typically used with POST or PUT requests.
proxy	URI specifying address of proxy server. (e.g. tcp://proxy.example.com:5100). HTTPS proxying (through HTTP proxies) only works in PHP 5.1.0 or greater.
request_fulluri	When set to `TRUE`, the entire URI will be used when constructing the request. (i.e. GET http://www.example.com/path/to/file.html HTTP/1.0). While this is a non-standard request format, some proxy servers require it.	`FALSE`
max_redirects	The max number of redirects to follow. Value 1 or less means that no redirects are followed. Added in PHP 5.1.0.	20
protocol_version	HTTP protocol version. Added in PHP 5.1.0.	1.0
timeout	Read timeout in seconds, specified by a float (e.g. 10.5). Added in PHP 5.2.1.	default_socket_timeout

Замечание: Underlying socket stream context options Additional context options may be supported by the underlying transport For http:// streams, refer to context options for the tcp:// transport. For https:// streams, refer to context options for the ssl:// transport.

Custom headers may be sent with an HTTP request prior to version 5 by taking advantage of a side-effect in the handling of the user_agent INI setting. Set user_agent to any valid string (such as the default PHP/version setting) followed by a carriage-return/line-feed pair and any additional headers. This method works in PHP 4 and all later versions.

Пример #2 Sending custom headers with an HTTP request


<?php
ini_set('user_agent', "PHP\r\nX-MyCustomHeader: Foo");

$fp = fopen('http://www.example.com/index.php', 'r');
?>

Results in the following request being sent:

GET /index.php HTTP/1.0
Host: www.example.com
User-Agent: PHP
X-MyCustomHeader: Foo

Socket

FTP and FTPS

List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers